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| readeralexey | Дата: Суббота, 03.09.2022, 19:50 | Сообщение # 1 |
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| - CAPITALS / bold type: active vocabulary words and collocations students have used;
- underline and/or grey type: elements that have been corrected by the tutor;
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Delete: superfluous and/or erroneous elements that have been corrected by the tutor;
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| tsumskaa30 | Дата: Вторник, 06.12.2022, 21:49 | Сообщение # 2 |
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| 1. We often don’t realise that some SCOURGES are sent to us due to our VAINGLORY as a kind of CHASTISEMENT so that we may become more humble.
2. For most of people it would be impossible to live in SECLUSION because COMMUNITY is more appropriate for laity.
3. Saint Simeon the Stylite was really SEVERE to himself as he chose the life of ASCETICISM and spent 37 years in CONTINUAL PRAYER on a pillar.
4. In order to keep the children Orthodox, Christian parents should rather be GENTLE to their kids but not too INDULGENT. However, it’s better to explain them that it’s vital to have a REVERENT AWE before the ALTAR and RELICS.
5. Christians hope that on the Day of the Last Judgement our bodies will be TRANSFIGURED BY THE GRACE OF GOD and those who saw the purpose of their lives in DEIFICATION will be rewarded by the VISION OF THE DIVINE AND UNCREATED LIGHT.
6. Saint THEOPHAN THE RECLUSE left many writings which can be the SPIRITUAL DIRECTION for everyone of us.
7. I have a friend who managed to keep in touch with a STARETS (of blessed memory) who possessed the gift of INSIGHT. And now we all anticipate that one day his guide will be PROCLAIMED A SAINT.
8. It is unbelievable but even today there are lots of HEATHEN, and therefore, some MISSIONARY WORK must take place.
9. Ksenia of Petersburg was a “FOOL IN CHRIST” and occupied herself with SELF-STRIPPING and prayer.
10. Some DEVOUT Christians make an effort to KEEP ALL THE FASTS with true AUSTERITY to purify their souls.
13,5
Сообщение отредактировал tsumskaa30 - Понедельник, 12.12.2022, 21:00 |
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| katyadorniak | Дата: Вторник, 06.12.2022, 23:38 | Сообщение # 3 |
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| Would you like to have a common Christian church on the whole earth? Perhaps there will
be different rites in it, as there are WESTERN RITE and EASTERN RITE in the
Orthodox Church, but it will be One and Apostolic. Alas, it will arise only on
the day when THE GROUNDS OF UNION will be built when the Vatican will abandon THE POPE'S UNIVERSAL JURISDICTION, when we finally agree on the dogma of the IMMACULATE
CONCEPTION OF THE VIRGIN MARY and recognize the limitations of PAPAL
INFALLIBILITY. When we admit that no INDULGENCES will save the soul, and you
should not count on PURGATORY if you did not try to live piously during your
lifetime. Let us, the Orthodox, open your eyes, brothers in Christ, and point
out that God is known through his energies according to GREGORY PALAMAS and therefore there can be no talk
of DIVINE SIMPLICITY. Let's get rid of the FILIOQUE and serve a thanksgiving
prayer for reconciliation! We can name our sacred objects and terminology, we
welcome everything: ZONES, the ROOD-SCREEN, the CREDENCE, SINDONES, PATENS, the VESTRY. But
there is no end in sight to our dispute and only God will judge us when the
Last Judgment comes.
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EkaterinaDolzhenkova
Сообщение отредактировал katyadorniak - Понедельник, 12.12.2022, 23:26 |
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| antonryadinski | Дата: Вторник, 06.12.2022, 23:48 | Сообщение # 4 |
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| 1) The CHIEF HIERARCH of Russian Orthodox Church is Patriarch Kirill.
2) At lectures of history of Russia, we first learned about the POSSESSORS and the NON-POSSESSORS.
3) ALMSGIVING is one of the means of CARE FOR THE SICK AND POOR.
4) Christians can choose A WORLDLY WAY or can BE DETACHED FROM THE WORLD and become a monk or a nun.
5) There were always RELATIONS BETWEEN CHURCH AND STATE in the Byzantium and there was A CLOSE ALLIANCE BETWEEN CHURCH AND STATE in the Russian Empire.
6) When THE LAITY and PARISH CLERGY hears THE TRISAGION during the Liturgy, people do make the three-finger SIGN OF THE CROSS.
7) It is difficult for me TO KEEP THE FASTS as I am not so DEVOUT, but still they should BE OBSERVED.
8) Some people become monks so they won’t be ABSORBED IN WORLDLY CONCERNS.
9) To BE DETACHED FROM THE WORLD is a difficult task, not every person can cope with it, but HERMITS or ANCHORITES can.
10) There are a lot of SPIRITUAL DESCENDANTS of OLD BELIEVERS nowadays in Russia.
11) Economy or oeconomy exists due to CONCESSIONS TO HUMAN WEAKNESS.
12) RIGOROUS OBSERVANCES of the fasts and THE AUSTERITY of the fasts takes place among OLD RITUALISTS.
13) There are different types of Liturgies, for example WESTERN RITE and EASTERN RITE, so there are different SERVICE BOOKS.
14) The NICENE CREED is sung at every Liturgy.
15) The idea of PURGATORY isn’t accepted in Orthodoxy.
13,5
Сообщение отредактировал antonryadinski - Понедельник, 12.12.2022, 19:22 |
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| anastasiadregan864 | Дата: Среда, 07.12.2022, 01:38 | Сообщение # 5 |
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| 1. The passion of VAINGLORY is the result of extreme selfishness and unbelief, when a person places himself as the center of universal praise instead of God.
2. After the taking of Constantinople, only Russia was capable of assuming leadership in eastern Christendom and became the SUCCESSOR OF BYZANTIUM.
3. In both the Old and New Testament, we see that God desires His children to show compassion to the SICK AND POOR. Jesus said that those who show mercy to them are actually serving Him personally and will be rewarded accordingly.
4. Many churches carry out CHARITABLE WORK, for example, helping orphans, refugees or those in need.
5. CHASUBLE is worn when celebrating eucharist or mass by Roman Catholic priests and bishops.
6. The meaning of fasting is in liberation from what can enslave a person, devastate, obsess over oneself, diverting his attention from the main thing - serving God and helping others. That is why Orthodox people KEEP THE FASTS.
7. Orthodox SERVICE BOOKS set out the rites, as well as liturgical instructions.
8. The Old Believers fought for THE TWO-FINGER SIGN OF THE CROSS, symbolizing the two natures of Jesus Christ - divine and human.
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Сообщение отредактировал anastasiadregan864 - Вторник, 13.12.2022, 10:38 |
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| tsumskaa30 | Дата: Четверг, 27.04.2023, 20:57 | Сообщение # 6 |
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| 1. The election of Patriarch Tikhon which was made by casting a LOT demonstrates that it was the Will of God and not just a human DELIBERATIONS that allowed to appoint him.
2. The Orthodox Church was in the SUBJUGATION when the Soviet rule gained full MASTERY but it managed to save its basic PRESUPPOSITIONS.
3. The ALL-RUSSIAN CHURCH COUNCIL produced many new martyrs including both clergy and LAY THEOLOGIANS.
4. Orthodox priests of the Eastern Rite, like those of the Western Rite, have some similar VESTMENTS, for example, the CHASUBLE, but they don’t DON the MANIPLE.
5. Using the RUBRICAL NOTES during the Liturgy is essential not only for the SACRED MINISTERS, but also for the Church choir.
6. All parishioners look forward to the ASPERSION WITH HOLY WATER that the CELEBRANT usually does after the Thanksgiving service.
7. During the Lent Christians usually BESEECH the Lord to PARDON their INIQUITIES in order to be REVIVED and to feel true joy on the Easter Day.
8. At the LITURGY OF THE DEAD we appeal to God for the ABSOLUTION OF our relatives’ SINS so that they might rest in peace in the DWELLING of the righteous, for the Lord is FORBEARING with human weakness.
9. After the priest SAYS THE ABSOLUTION, we get the REMISSION OF SINS. However, when we MAKE THE CONFESSION, we’d better remember that it shouldn’t be just a report on our behaviour but sincere repentance from our heart.
10. Sometimes the Lord with the help of IRREFUTABLE wonders converts people to the true faith and corrects their MALEVOLENT intentions and thoughts.
11. Though we are often RECALCITRANT and don’t want to follow the Lord’s words, we pray to the Mother of God to VOUCHSAFE to ask Her Son to CLEANSE our sins, to have mercy on us GRACIOUSLY and to GUARD us from further temptations.
12. The PENTECOST is an absolutely special feast as we commemorate the day when our Church was founded and since then the Church has become the DWELLING PLACE of the Holy Spirit.
13. The living conditions of some ANCHORITES of the deserts, e.g. of St. Mary of Egypt, may seem unbelievable but it is the Lord Himself Who CHERISHED and PROTECTED them from evil things.
14. It is sad to state that even nowadays, though there is no LEAGUE OF MILITANT ATHEISTS, we observe that in neighbouring countries churches and relics are DESECRATED, monks are expelled from the monasteries, and harmful ideas are spread.
15. We can only hope that this turmoil will cause the QUICKENING OF THE SPIRITUAL LIFE among common people.
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Сообщение отредактировал tsumskaa30 - Понедельник, 01.05.2023, 17:14 |
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| antonryadinski | Дата: Четверг, 27.04.2023, 21:23 | Сообщение # 7 |
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| 1.THE SUCCESSORS OF BYZANTIUM continued the use of the DOUBLE-HEADED EAGLE as their emblem.
2.The CHIEF HIERARCH was responsible for overseeing the AUTOCEPHALOUS churches.
3.The AUTOCRAT'S rule was challenged by those who lapsed into heresy.
4.The SPIRITUAL DESCENDANTS of the TRANSVOLGA HERMITS championed the idea of BEING DETACHED FROM THE WORLD.
5.The NON-POSSESSORS were the HERMITS, who were vowed to complete poverty, and the POSSESSORS were not, because they believed in CONCESSIONS TO HUMAN WEAKNESS.
6.Monasticism involves more than just SELF-STRIPPING and RIGOROUS OBSERVANCES, but also CARING FOR THE SICK AND POOR, showing HOSPITALITY, and ALMSGIVING.
7.CORPORATE WORSHIP involves prayers.
8.The TIME OF TROUBLES was a period of political and social upheaval in Russia.
9.The PARISH CLERGY played a vital role in maintaining RELIGIOUS PRACTICES and ensuring THE FASTS BE OBSERVED.
10.The DEVOUT and pious HERMITS were ABSORBED IN MYSTICAL PRAYER and other religious practices, rather than WORLDLY CONCERNS.
11.The AUSTERITY OF THE FASTS was a way to DETACH ONESELF FROM A WORLDLY WAY OF LIFE.
12.The LAITY were expected TO KEEP THE FASTS and make no concessions to human weakness.
13.The TWO-FINGER SIGN OF THE CROSS was a symbolic gesture whereby the INNER BELIEF OF A CHRISTIAN IS EXPRESSED.
14.The MOSCOW TSARDOM was characterized by a DYARCHY or dual rule between Church and State.
15.The CHURCH AND STATE were in SYMPHONY, as evidenced by the CLOSE ALLIANCE BETWEEN CHURCH AND STATE.
16.The JOSEPHITE MOVEMENT sought to reform the EXTERNALS OF WORSHIP while maintaining the traditional practices.
17.The ANCHORITES were hermits who didn’t live in a RELIGIOUS HOUSE and PRACTICED STRICT RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCES.
18.The ORDER OF THE LITURGY was meticulously followed according to the RUBRICAL NOTES by the CELEBRANT, MINISTERS, and SUBDEACON.
19.The SOLEMN Liturgy began with the singing of a Hymn, followed by the INTROIT and the ASPERSION.
20.The ANTHEM was sung during the SUNG LITURGY, after which the celebrant offered ABSOLUTION for the INIQUITIES to the LAY PEOPLE.
21.The ORDO of the MASS included several PROFOUND BOWS.
22.The ministers assisted the celebrant in the Liturgy, helping to SPRINKLE holy water and perform other ceremonial acts.
23.The DWELLINGS of the Lord were EVERLASTINGLY praised during the Liturgy, and people BESEECHED to REVIVE the souls of the faithful.
24.THE RUBRICAL NOTES provided guidance on the proper way to perform the Liturgy, ensuring that it was celebrated with solemnity and reverence.
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Отредактировано
Сообщение отредактировал antonryadinski - Понедельник, 01.05.2023, 20:48 |
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| abalakinan27 | Дата: Пятница, 28.04.2023, 20:23 | Сообщение # 8 |
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| 1. After the immersion into the FONT a child was covered with a SINDON.
2. CHANCEL AREA is a place between the ALTAR and the NAVE.
3. A priest needs to have a MISSAL to SING the MASS.
4. A SERVER cansaythe PSALM before the beginning of the DIVINE LITURGY.
5. All those who follow Western Liturgical Tradition wear AMICE underneath the ALB to cover the collar of the CASSOCK.
6. In ADVENT and LENT the Deacon and SUBDEACON wear a special VESTMENT called CHASUBLE.
7. MANIPLE hung from a Deacon's left wrist.
8. STOLE or ORARIUM is worn by the Priest round his neck and hangs down.
9. Last Sunday we were at a SOLEMN LITURGY in the Cathedral but usually we go to our church where there is only a SUNG LITURGY or even a SIMPLE one.
10. Before THE HOLY MASS the CELEBRANT and his CONCELEBRANT need to VEST. Usually it is a duty of a MINISTER to have everything prepared.
11. There is a need in the presence of FAITHFUL during the Liturgy.
12. The PRELIMINARY RITES of the Liturgy include ASPERSION with Holy water according to the ORDO.
13. In the SACRISTY a celebrant says the PREPARATORY PRAYERS and then he proceeds to the church. While he is entering, the choir CHANT a HYMN, ANTHEM or the INTROIT.
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Сообщение отредактировал abalakinan27 - Среда, 03.05.2023, 11:29 |
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| katyadorniak | Дата: Пятница, 28.04.2023, 23:52 | Сообщение # 9 |
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| - Knowledge, especially religious one, should not be used as a tool to OPPRESSETH and manipulate people with UNJUST and CRAFTY tactics for.
- During the church service, the ANTIPHON was beautifully sung by the choir, and the CONGREGATION responded with a PROFOUND BOW.
- The SACRED MINISTERS blessed the congregation with holy water, but during the SIMPLE LITURGY, the ASPERSION was omitted.
- The SUNG LITURGY on PALM SUNDAY and PASSION SUNDAY was particularly moving, as the choir sang the INTROIT and HYMN with great reverence.
- The ministers used HYSSOP to sprinkle the holy water during the SOLEMN LITURGY, as prescribed by the ORDO.
- The ANTHEM during PASCHALTIDE was a beautiful reminder of the EVERLASTING LIFE that awaits us.
- In the PREPARATORY PRAYERS, we BESEECH God for PARDON and REMISSION of our INIQUITIES, and we receive ABSOLUTION through the grace of God.
- At PENTECOST, we recite the PSALM VERSE and offer prayers for our DWELLING-PLACE, as well as the COLLECT FOR PURITY and SALUTATION.
- The SUMMARY OF THE LAW reminds us of the importance of loving God and our neighbors, while THE GRADUAL and SUBDEACON lead us in the SEASONAL PRAYERS and the COMMEMORATION OF THE FEAST.
- During SEPTUAGESIMA, we recite the THREE-FOLD or NINE-FOLD KÝRIE, and on the FERIAS THURIBLE is used during the LITURGY OF THE DEAD.
- A PARISH LIBRARY can be a valuable resource for those seeking to deepen their understanding of religion, but it has been targeted by the policy of CULTURAL STRANGULATION in an AGGRESSIVE AND MILITANT ATHEIST state that seeks to extirpate all religious belief.
- The externals of worship, such as vestments and LITURGICAL OBJECTS, should not be used to distract from the true essence of faith.
- We must remember the martyrs who were BURNT AT THE STAKE for their beliefs.
- While there may be some "CONCESSIONS TO HUMAN WEAKNESS" in religious practices, we must remain vigilant against those who seek to use religion as a tool for power and control.
- During the TIME OF TROUBLESS, many people turned to SELF-STRIPPING and corporate worship as a means of coping with the chaos and uncertainty.
- The close ALLIANCE BETWEEN CHURCH AND STATE can be a double-edged sword, as the things of CAESAR AND THE THINGS OF GOD can become TANGLED UP IN SECULAR ANXIETIES.
- Those who have vowed to complete poverty, CARE FOR THE SICK AND POOR and show hospitality are the SPIRITUAL DESCENDANTS of those who first embraced the message of Christianity.
- Russian SECULAR IMPERIALISM has sought to use religion as a means of achieving political ends, but the SOCIAL OBLIGATIONS OF MONASTICISM remind us of our duty to care for those in need.
- Those who have LAPSED INTO HERESY must seek FORGIVENESS and FROM, while the AUTOCEPHALOUS CHURCH must guard against FALLING into HERESY itself.
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EkaterinaDolzhenkova
Сообщение отредактировал readeralexey - Понедельник, 01.05.2023, 12:46 |
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| anastasiadregan864 | Дата: Пятница, 28.04.2023, 23:53 | Сообщение # 10 |
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| 1. Jesus spoke to the GREAT MULTITUDE, TEACHING THINGS BY PARABLES. He told them the story of the SOWER who scattered seeds on both SCORCHED and fruitful land.
2. The SCORCHED land in the story of the SOWER represents those who do not have a receptive heart, while the OBEDIENT land YIELDS A FRUIT and brings forth a great harvest.
3. Jesus revealed THE MYSTERY OF THE KINGDOM OF GOD to His DISCIPLES and those who had compassion for the poor, lifting them up into the BOSOM OF THE FATHER.
4. Jesus had COMPASSION FOR THE SICK and healed them, telling them TO LAY HOLD ON Him for their SALVATION.
5. THEOPHAN THE RECLUSE (the bishop of Tambov) was a prolific author, especially on the subjects of the Christian life and the training of youth in the faith.
6. Transfigured by THE GRACE OF GOD, he lived a life of REVERENT AWE, practicing ASCETICISM and observing a THOUSAND SUCCESSIVE NIGHTS IN CONTINUAL PRAYER.
7. The JOSEPHITES never considered themselves SCHISMATICS.
8. To show the dual nature of Christ, TWO-FINGER SIGN OF THE CROSS was previously used.
9.When Orthodox people have no opportunity to attend Orthodox DIVINE SERVICES, especially in NON-ORTHODOX countries, then the Church allows and encourages individuals and groups of Orthodox to read the SERVICE BOOKS privately, for the preservation of their faith.
10. The ACCURSED EARTH is a metaphor for the fallen world, whose inhabitants have TRODDEN HEARTS.
11.God, in his mercy, makes CONCESSIONS TO HUMAN WEAKNESS, but DEVOUT Christians strive to overcome their weaknesses through faith and prayer.
12. TO KEEP THE FASTS, the faithful abstain from animal food or sinful activities for a set period of time as a way to deepen their spiritual life.
13.SPIRITUAL DESCENDANTS of the prophets recognize the divine inspiration of the PROPHETICAL BOOKS and study their teachings to gain insight into God's will.
14.Those who have FALLEN INTO HERESY must repent and return to the teachings of the Church to be reconciled with the faithful.
15.MOSCOW THE THIRD ROME doctrine held that after Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks, the mantle of Christian imperial leadership passed to Moscow.
16.The DOUBLE-HEADED EAGLE is a symbol of Caesaropapism, the close alliance between Church and State that characterized pre-modern Russia.
17.The TRISAGION is a hymn that proclaims the holiness of God, and is frequently sung during the services.
18.Christians are called to practise ALMSGIVING and to CARE FOR THE SICK AND POOR, to SHOW HOSPITALITY, and to be DETACHED FROM THE WORLD in order to follow Christ's example of compassion and love.
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Сообщение отредактировал anastasiadregan864 - Понедельник, 01.05.2023, 17:19 |
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