2nd year of study: Spring 2022
1. Several PROPHETESSES were mentioned in THE OLD TESTAMENT, and one of them is the PROPHETESS Anna.
2. ADVENT precedes CHRISTMAS and is necessary to prepare body and soul for the great feast of the birth of Christ.
3. The prophet Ezekiel pointed to THE NATIVITY OF THE MOTHER OF GOD in his prophecies.
4. THE EXALTATION OF THE CROSS is a feast dedicated to the finding of the true cross, and it was done by Helena thanks to the healed woman who venerated The Cross.
5. The first HIGH PRIEST of the people of Israel was Aaron and initiation into this dignity was accompanied by anointing with oil.
6. Two MATTERS OF DOCTRINE were the main reason for the schism.
J.P. [(4) 28]
There is MONASTICISM on ATHOS. It juts into the AEGEAN. Monks lead an AUSTERE life.
А.Я. [(3) 39]
The year 610 AD marks is the RISE OF ISLAM.
CHARLEMAGNE became the emperor of the HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE.
Photius was a great SCHOLAR and the patriarch of Constantinople.
There were always disputes among people when the state interfered in church affairs.
Emperor’s duty was to SUMMON COUNCILS in Byzantium.
The highest merit of JUSTINIAN in the cultural sphere was the construction of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople - the greatest Christian church of its time.
Byzantines believed that Christ had REDEEMED every aspect of human existence, that’s why they baptised the whole spirit and organisation of society.
The emperor had more extensive rights during the Liturgy than other parishioners, he RECEIVED COMMUNION like priests, he PREACHED SERMONS and he could even CENSE THE ALTAR.
CAESARO-PAPISM is a kind of government in which church is subordinate to the state.
Church and state were autonomous, despite even though THE PRIESTHOOD and THE IMPERIAL POWER worked in cooperation.
THE ICONOCLASTS tried to destroy any artwork that depicted God.
Puritans condemned icons because they saw in them LATENT IDOLATRY.
The EMPRESS IRENE in 780 SUSPENDED THE PERSECUTION.
«THE TRIUMPH OF ORTHODOXY» is a FEAST in the Orthodox Churches celebrated on the first week of LENT, and it relates to the final victory of the HOLY IMAGES in 843.
SHRINE is a special place, where people go to worship.
Orthodox Christians should PROSTRATE THEMSELVES before shrines of saints.
Orthodox Christians can’t be blamed of IDOLATRY because icons are not an idol but a symbol, we do not WORSHIP them, but VENERATE or REVERENCE them.
SAINT JOHN THE ALMSGIVER was known for his meek attitude towards people.
CHARITABLE WORK is important for the Orthodox.
Mary of Egypt is a known for a great example of THE EREMITIC LIFE.
The official toleration of the Christian faith was declared in 313.
Slavic PAGANISM is a system of ideas about the world and man, based on mythology.
At the ECUMENICAL COUNCIL OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH AT NICAEA, a single Creed was approved.
The great SCHISM happened in 1054.
According to MONOTHELITISM, there are two natures in Christ, but one divine will.
В.Ч. [(13,5) 39,5]
1 In the modern world, people of other faiths are treated more tolerantly than ACRIMONIOUSLY.
2 The holy relics of SAINT JOHN THE ALMSGIVER are kept in Slovakia.
3 By creating Adam and Eve, God BESTOWED UPON THEM eternal life, but by sinning, they lost it.
4 When a person donates money to a temple, he does CHARITABLE WORK.
1 In Russian Orthodoxy there are three degrees of MONASTICISM.
2 Monastic AUSTERITY implies solitude and silence.
3 In the life of St. Theophan the Recluse there was a period of WITHDRAWAL FROM SOCIETY.
4 St. Theophan the Recluse LED an almost SOLITARY LIFE and received only his confessor and cell-keeper.
5 The EREMITIC LIFE is hard for an ordinary person since it requires a lot of hardships and humility.
6 The COMMUNITY LIFE includes a number of COMMON rules, such as regular obedience.
7 RELIGIOUS HOUSES unite the community of people of the same faith.
8 The curriculum of our school includes PILGRIMAGE trips to holy places.
9 PALESTINE was the Holy Land of the biblical tradition.
10 This semester students analyzed religious works, which include the works of ST. JOHN OF DAMASCUS.
11 On MOUNT SINAI God appeared to Moses and gave the Ten Commandments.
12 Usually the abbot of the monastery is responsible for THE RULE OF THE COMMUNITY.
13 For more than a thousand years, according to tradition, women have been banned from entering the HOLY MOUNT ATHOS.
14 Athos is washed by the waters of the AEGEAN Sea.
1 Each monastic ORDER had its own personal charter and specific vows.
2 The CARTHUSIAN Order is the most closed monastic fraternity in the Roman Catholic Church.
3 CISTERCIAN churches are characterized by modesty, almost complete absence of precious utensils and paintings.
4 SPIRITUAL DISCERNMENT develops as a person gets closer to God.
5 LAY MONKS are those monks who are not ordained into Holy Orders.
6 The CELL of St. Spyridon of Tremithus is located in Italy and services and prayer services are held there.
7 Only a priest can CELEBRATE THE EUCHARIST and give communion to people.
8 The ALTAR IS CENSED with incense.
9 In CAESARO-PAPISM the head of the IMPERIAL POWER is at the same time the head of the PRIESTHOOD.
10 During the reign of Emperor JUSTINIAN, the Hagia Sophia was built in Constantinople.
11 The Church wanted independence because it was not satisfied with the intrusion of the state in ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS.
12 Jesus Christ voluntarily became a man on earth in order to REDEEM the sins of all mankind.
У.К. [(16) 25]
1. We Christians believe that by priests' prayers the wine and bread BECOME THE BODY AND BLOOD OF CHRIST WHILE OUTWARDLY THEY REMAIN UNCHANGED.
2. Having COMMUNION is REALISTIC ACCEPTANCE of Christ's holy body and blood. It is THE MOST HOLY EVENT in the life of every Christian as it creates true UNITY WITH CHRIST. He Himself prescribed us to partake of Holy Communion.
3. The CHALICE which is used for containing HOLY COMMUNION while being taken out from the altar for Communion is usually covered with a VEIL.
1. To be honest, I rarely write names of my LIVING AND DEPARTED for the PROSKOMIDIA.
2. In our church PROSPHORAS are not on sale, they are usually given only for the lists with names for the LIVING AND the DEPARTED.
3. For singing at the Liturgy our priest often gives us the ALTAR LOAVES from which some pieces were removed by the SPEAR during the PROSKOMIDIA.
1. We should CROSS OUR HANDS OVER OUR CHEST when coming up to the CHALICE to RECEIVE COMMUNION.
2. Some people don't need to say their name when coming to the chalice for the Communion, because their priests know them BY NAME already and give them Holy Communion without asking a name.
3. The COMMUNICANT should behave well, do kind things after RECEIVING THE COMMUNION.
1. There are different traditions of singing during the GREAT ENTRANCE: in Greece, for example, priests usually go out from the sanctuary with the HOLY GIFTS in complete silence, when the singing of the CHERUBIC HYMN is already over. However, in Russian liturgical singing tradition CHOIR usually repeat last lines of the hymn so that priests could go out while singing is lasting.
2. In different times of the year we PREPARE OURSELVES for Holy Communion differently: usually we PRAY AND FAST for a few days, but during the Bright week we may RECIEVE COMMUNION without fasting and having read only a part of the prayers of the preparation.
3. We should prepare ourselves inwardly for receiving Holy Communion and DRAW NEAR the Chalice IN FEAR OF GOD, WITH FAITH AND LOVE.
1. It is said in "Orthodox Mysteries" that at the TABLE ON SIDE there are bread and wine left over after PREPARATION which COMMUNICANTS consume after RECEIVING HOLY COMMUNION, but in our church there ON SIDE just a white bread with warm wined water or juice are placed.
2. In my church and all churches I have ever been to and where I have acquaintances, we are used to CONGRATULATING THOSE WHO HAVE RECIEVED COMMUNION.
3. In my church we are not used to receiving ANTIDORON after kissing the cross.
1. My parents have preserved my BAPTISMAL ROBE.
2. It's not a rule, I think, that a girl cannot have a man as a GODFATHER: my niece Tonya, for example, has a priest as a GODFATHER.
3. If a child is not small enough to be baptized in a FONT, the priest usually pours the water from the font for three times on their head IN THE NAME OF THE FATHER, THE SON AND THE HOLY SPIRIT.
1. I suppose it is exceedingly important for a person baptised to hear the words of the sacrament clearly, and also the words "THE SEAL OF THE GIFT OF THE HOLY SPIRIT".
2. These words reminds us that CHRISMATION for a person baptised is A PERSONAL SACRAMENTAL PENTECOST.
3. The BAPTISMAL BOX contains oil, CHRISM, brush, SPONGE TO WIPE OFF THE CHRISM AND SCISSORS FOR TONSURING HAIR.
1. We often understand CONFESSION as something quite formal preceding the Holy Communion.
2. Nevertheless, the sacrament of REPENTANCE involves EXAMINING OUR RELATIONSHIPS WITH GOD AND OTHER PEOPLE, AND SEEKING WAYS TO IMPROVE. 3. Covering the PENITENT with the STOLE, a priest says THE PRAYER OF ABSOLUTION.
1. The sacrament of MARRIAGE begins with THE BETROTHAL OR ENGAGEMENT AT THE CHURCH DOOR.
2. During the sacrament the rings and MARRIAGE CROWNS are FETCHED from the altar.
3. The BLESSING of the bride and the bridegroom is only the beginning of their ENTIRE LIFE TOGETHER in which two persons "BECOME ONE FLESH".
1. The bride and bridegroom were BLESSED after the LITANIES, and then their hands were BROUGHT TOGETHER.
2. As a symbol of being ready to live entire life together the couple DRINK THREE TIMES FROM A COMMON CUP.
3. After the sacrament the couple is LED to a place in front of the SOLEA and receive congratulations and presents.
1. In my life I have partaken of THE MYSTERY OF HEALING - ANOINTING WITH OIL - twice.
2. As far as I am concerned, confession not always PRECEEDS this sacrament.
3. I twice sang during this mystery, and I know that the hardest in this service are the prokimenons before the SEVEN EPISTLES AND GOSPELS.
1. I attended ORDINATION TO THE PRIEST once in my life when my brother was ordained in priest.
2. Historically DEACONS had the MINISTRY TO THE PEOPLE of the parish, a kind of social ministry.
3. Priests are called upon to represent the evangelical GOOD SHEPHERD - Christ.
1. It is known that without the ALB a priest cannot serve the Liturgy.
2. The 7 buttons on the priest's STOLE represent 7 sacraments.
3. Historically the CHASUBLE was long in the front as well as in the back. It was shortened later.
1. VESTMENTS of the bishop are partly like priest's ones, but there are some differences.
2. OMOPHORION reminds us a stole, SAKKOS - the season's robe.
3. But only a bishop has MITRE, PANAGIA AND A STAFF.
1. In my childhood I was at THE FUNERAL SERVICE, and a few times I was at MEMORIAL SERVICES (PANIKHIDA or MNEMOSYNON).
2. The DECEASED need our prayers for them here on Earth.
3. For commemoration of their deceased people usually lit the candles on THE MEMORIAL TABLE.
1. During the Liturgical year we see THE CYCLE OF FEASTS AND FASTS.
2. During the GREAT FAST we Christian usually PROSTRATE OURSELVES while praying, and then TOUCH OUR FOREHEAD TO THE GROUND.
3. Except the Great Fast and the Christmas fast, there are two MAJOR FASTS: before the feast of the APOSTLES PETER AND PAUL and before the feast of the DORMITION OF THE MOTHER OF GOD.
1. EXALTATION OF THE CROSS is the feast COMMEMORATING the finding of TRUE CROSS by Helena, the mother of Constantine.
2. THEOPHANY is the feast which has many traditions in Russia. For example, people still immerse in ice hole and take holy water from the churches.
3. THE MEETING OF THE LORD is the feast the prehistory of which made a great impression on be in my childhood.
4. The prayer of saint Simeon at the SERVICE OF VESPERS always reminds us of the MEETING OF THE LORD FEAST.
5. PALM SUNDAY or THE ENTRY INTO JERUSALEM is the memory of the coming of Jesus into the city in the Messianic glory, that's why people met him as The Messiah.
М.Ч. [(20) 20]
1. The center of any HOMILY is the Gospel.
2. Our CONGREGATION always helps each member of it.
3. During the Roman Empire, emperor Constantius gave the order to eliminate the PAGANISM, for instance: to close all pagan temples, to remove the traditional Altar and etc.
4. In order to COMMEMORATE the DEPARTED there is a special place in church – A MEMORIAL TABLE.
5. PROSKOMIDIA is performed with the closed doors of the Altar during the reading of 3rd and 6th hours.
6. The GREAT ENTRANCE symbolizes the end of Christ’s path to passion.
7. THE CHERUBIC HYMN is complied and put into use in the VI century in Byzantium.
8. If you see a priest, you can ask him for a BLESSING.
9. A LAY MONK is a monk who is not a priest.
10. THE LITURGICAL YEAR consists of the twelve GREAT FEASTS, MINOR FEASTS and SAINTS’ DAYS.
11. The NATIVITY OF THE MOTHER OF GOD is a fulfilment of the prophecy, that Christ will come to the earth soon.
12. JOACHIM AND ANNA received the name of «Godfathers» because they are the direct ancestors of Jesus Christ.
13. The FEAST of the EXALTATION OF THE CROSS expresses the liturgical aspect of Christian veneration of the Calvary Cross as an instrument for the salvation of mankind.
14. When the MOST PURE MOTHER OF GOD was three years old, her holy parents fulfilled their vow and gave their child to God and this day is called the ENTRY OF THE MOTHER OF GOD INTO THE TEMPLE.
15. Before the NATIVITY OF CHRIST there is the fast called ADVENT.
16. THEOPHANY is dedicated to the baptism of Jesus Christ in the Jordan River.
17. On the Cross, where Christ was crucified, was the inscription: King of the JEWS.
18. In the day of the ANNUNCIATION Mary was visited by the ARCHANGEL GABRIEL.
19. On the day of PSALM SUNDAY, people greeted Christ with joy, and five days later they shouted: crucify Him!
20. On the day of the ASCENSION, Christ had completed His great earthly ministry, returned again to His Father - to the place where He had been before.
В.Ч. [(11,5) 26]
1. One of THE TWELVE GREAT FEASTS, THE ENTRY INTO JERUSALEM, is celebrated one week before EASTER. The feast has another one name, PALM SUNDAY. It is called so as the Jews were greeting Christ waithing palm branches.
2. PASCHA is originally a Jewish feast that celebrates the Exodus.
3. He saw a picture in which an Angel was giving a flower to a young lady. Then he understood, that was an icon of ANNUNCIATION. The Lady was Mary, THE MOTHER OF GOD, and the Angel — GABRIEL, who announced her that the MESSIAH would be born. «MESSIAH» is a Hebrew word which means «the anointed one». That is the same as CHRIST.
4. To count the days before CHRISTMAS or THE NATIVITY OF CHRIST, he had prepared a special Advent calendar few days before the beginning of ADVENT started.
5. As Christ was praying in the WILDERNESS, preparing for His MINISTRY, we are FASTING for fifty days during the LENT before EASTER.
1. Some people suggest that by THE «EDICT» OF MILAN Christian faith became the official religion in the Roman Empire. However, that’s a mistake. The «edict» proclaimed THE OFFICIAL TOLERATION of the Christianity.
2. During the FIRST GENERAL COUNCIL, which was summoned at NICAEA in the first part of the 4th century to «fight» against ARIANISM.
3. The CANON that we use today was formulated at THE SECOND ECUMENICAL COUNCIL, which was held in CONSTANTINOPLE in 381.
4. MONASTICISM appeared as kind of a counterbalance to the "comfortable" Christianity in the 4th century, when PERSECUTIONS ceased.
5. There are three chief forms of monasticism: HERMITS, THE COMMUNITY LIFE and «THE MIDDLE WAY», when some monks are living together UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF AN ELDER.
А.М. [(11,5) 38,5]
1. The Mother of God's parents are JOACHIM and ANNA.
2. There are 12 GREAT FEASTS in the Orthodox Church.
3. We went to see a HIEROMONK who has SPIRITUAL DISCERNMENT.
4. He was THE PROTAGONIST OF HERESY.
5. The first time I CONFESSED was when I was 8 years old.
6. Grandfather taught me to read the GOSPEL and even the FIRST TIMOTHY.
7. One of the SACRAMENTS is HOLY COMMUNION.
8. BAPTISM is a sacrament through which a person becomes part of the ORTHODOX CHURCH.
9. The first MONKS appeared in the desert and lived as HERMITS.
10. During LENT, the DIVINE LITURGY was celebrated in our church every day.
11. There are TWELVE-DAY HOLIDAYS at every time of the year.
12. The RESURRECTION OF CHRIST is a movable feast.
13. This summer my dad will celebrate an anniversary - five years of ORDINATION.
14. After COMMUNION, the priest consumes the HOLY GIFTS.
15. The Feast of the TRANSFIGURATION is celebrated at the end of summer.
16. At confession, the priest says a prayer of absolution.
17. Priests have special VESTMENTS. They should wear them regardless of the temperature, and it can be difficult because of the heat or cold.
18. The first time I was on a PILGRIMAGE TRIP was when I was 9 years old. We all went to Pechory with the whole PARISH.
19. Some priests are allowed to embrace CELIBACY.
20. It seems to me that being an ICON PAINTER is incredibly difficult.
21. Before becoming a MONK, a man must spend three days and three nights in the ALTAR.
22. CHRISTIANITY is worship of the TRINITY.
23. This year, the FAST of THE APOSTLES PETER and Paul will begin in June.
24. Every year on August 28 the DORMITION is celebrated.
25. The last Sunday before HOLY WEEK IS PALM SUNDAY OR THE ENTRY OF THE LORD INTO JERUSALEM.
26. Often the church is engaged in CHARITABLE WORKS.
27. The FIRST ECUMENICAL COUNCIL was held in 325 in Nicaea.
28. The Lord gave man everything in the GARDEN of EDEN, but man still sinned.
29. Last year, in class at the university, we studied the CYCLE OF FEASTS AND FASTS.
30. My dad serves in the Sergiev Posad DEANERY.
31. I go to the church of the SMOLENSK ICON OF THE MOTHER OF GOD.
32. THE NATIVITY OF THE MOST HOLY THEOTOKOS is celebrated in September after my birthday.
33. The Lord BLESSED the seventh day and commanded to rest.
В.Ц. [(17,5) 17,5]
When I was a child, I was always fascinated by the way the TRISAGION is sung in our church.
In prayers we often turn to the Theotokos with words of respect and greeting, saying: «REJOICE, pillar of virginity!» оr «HAIL Mary full of Grace».
CHARLEMAGNE or Charles the Great was a great ruler: we was the King of the Franks, the King of the Lombards, and the Emperor of the Romans.
The OLD BELIEVERS or OLD RITUALISTS separated from Russian Orthodox Church the as a result of the Raskol (the split) of the church: after centuries of DELIBERATION, the Russian Orthodox Church took a decisive step towards reconciliation, apologizing for past persecutions.
IDIOSYNCRATIC research in the field of religion is always controversial, but also necessary: once such were the researches of those whom we now consider OUR GOD-BEARING FATHERS.
I believe that any art or science can and should become VEHICLES OF SALVATION.
The concept of PRE-NIKONIAN SLAVONIC exists because after the church reform of Patriarch Nikon, even the language in which books were copied has partially changed: however, I cannot interpret this phenomenon as something absolutely bad.
A PRIMER is a book with which you learn to read, its name comes from the Latin word "primus", which means first, initial.
The church is a place where the sacraments are performed, and the Christian home is a place for virtue and prayer: the book THE «RULE OF DOMESTIC PRAYER» can teach us how to pray at home, and the PRAYER BOOK contains the necessary texts.
'SON OF THE CHURCH' is a book written TO ENLIGHTEN people about faith, the church, dogmas, services, and virtues in a clear and concise form.
THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD is the cradle of our religion: the place where it got on its feet and began its march on the planet.
INIQUITIES and INFIRMITIES are human weaknesses and imperfections: but God can turn iniquity into equity and make one who is infirm a firm one.
Non-Christians: anyone can become our «compatriot» and we should show them BROTHERLY LOVE AND PIETY.
It is difficult to communicate with unintelligent but learned people who study science only TO STIR UP PURPOSELESS POLEMICS.
I'm not sure if it makes sense TO ASSERT THE SUPERIORITY OF our Faith in public if we are supposed to be humble and loving.
It is impossible to create a WORTHY COMPLEMENT TO the Creed; in its present form, it is perfect enough to repel all the attacks of heretics.
A BULL OF EXCOMMUNICATION thrown on the altar of HAGIA SOPHIA was not a gauntlet thrown down by duelists: it was a harsh and meaningless sentence, symbolizing THE ESTRANGEMENT OF EASTERN AND WESTERN CHRISTENDOM.
When the PAPAL LEGATES brought the bull of excommunication into the CHURCH OF THE HOLY WISDOM, it was an event that, alas, cannot be called wise.
WRATH AND NEED is the lot of a person who seeks the Truth, but it seems to me that the Truth is not revealed to the wrathful but only to those who have realized their need and unworthiness.
Every time when THE Church seemed to be at THE LAST RESORT, even IN GREAT DISTRESS, something happened that allowed it to LINGER ON the Earth: this is God's providence and blessing.
Many of my friends work in the choir: I myself was a part of THE CHANTERS back in Voronezh.
One of the goals of Patriarch Nikon's Reform was to free the church books of that time of MISTRANSLATION, whether they were DELIBERATE AND MALICIOUS ones or made in MANUSCRIPTS by accident.
Reading the Gospel can't be SPIRITUALLY PROFITABLE if we can't focus on it: unfortunately, we live in a world where no one is DELIVERED FROM ALL TRIBULATION, and it's hard not to think about earthly things while reading.
THE DIASPORA is a group of people who live far from their homeland and stick to each other. On Earth, we have CIVIL AUTHORITIES and ARMED FORCES, we follow the laws, sometimes we face THE BITTER TORMENT OF THE ATHEIST RULE and DARK AGES of PREJUDICE but only THE FULFILLMENT OF God's RULES is our guarantee of returning to our homeland. However, our belonging to the Heavenly Fatherland should not INCREASE ESTRANGEMENT.
J.P. [(22) 24]
ADVENT is a fast before the NATIVITY of Christ.
EPIPHANY, or as it is called THEOPHANY, is celebrated in January.
Like feasts mentioned above, MEETING OF THE LORD is celebrated in winter. Christ was brought to the temple where Simeon and the PROPHETESS Anna met Him.
А.Я. [(4) 36]
Anna the PROPHETESS is mentioned in the event of the bringing of the infant Jesus to the Jerusalem Temple.
THE ANNUNCIATION is one of the most ancient Theotokos feasts.
Zacharias was a HIGH PRIEST and a prophet.
Observance of LENT implies the rejection of animal products, and on some days vegetable oil.
FASTING is necessary to fight sin and weakness within us.
THEOPHANY is one of the twelve great feasts.
THE EXALTATION OF THE CROSS is celebrated by the Russian Orthodox Church on September 27.
А.В. [(3,5) 12,5]
1. During the LENT or THE GREAT FAST Orthodox people are preparing themselves to the major FEAST, EASTER, by praying and FASTING.
2. Most of the TWELVE GREAT FEASTS have a fixed date of celebration, for example, ENTRY OF THE MOTHER OF GOD INTO THE TEMPLE is on the 4th of December, CHRISTMAS is on the 7th of January, The MEETING OF THE LORD is on the 15 of February etc.
3. We don’t prostrate on Sundays as they are regarded as FEAST DAYS because of the RESURRECTION.
А.М. [(3) 27]
1) Without FASTING, FEASTING not as joyous.
2) I have no idea how hard it is to be a LAY MONK, because there are a lot of temptations among ordinary people.
3) WITHDRAWAL and SOLITUDE is a severe trial, which should be blessed by hegumen.
В.Ч. [(2) 14,5]
THE GREAT FAST lasts for more than forty days. Sunday is a day of RESURRECTION. DORMITION is one of the TWELVE GREAT FEASTS.
During the FUNERAL SERVICE and the MEMORIAL SERVICE different prayers are either uttered or sung. Through prayers we ask God to save the DECEASED. We ask Him to let the DEPARTED into a place where “THERE IS NOR SIGHING, SORROW, NOR PAIN, BUT LIFE ETERNAL”
А.Я. [(6) 32]
1) People confuse IDOLATRY and VENERATION OF ICONS.
2) We can distinguish THE FAITHFUL by some features, for instance: the cross on the chest.
3) Christians are trying to be not INTEMPERATE but discreet.
4) MONASTICISM involves AUSTERITIES like fasting and prayers.
5) As for me, I don’t understand how monks can avoid WITHDRAWAL FROM SOCIETY, because there are a lot of temptations.
6) One of the most famous HERMITS, who LED THE SOLITARY LIFE, was Saint Simeon Stylites. He prayed and prophesied on the top of the PILLAR.
7) PILGRIMAGE is one of the manifestations of piety, caused by the desire to see the great SHRINES, to pray in places that are especially significant for the Christians.
8) Even though the colour of the Easter is white, in Orthodoxy there is a tradition to wear red VESTMENTS.
9) There is a known rule that THE LITURGY cannot be CELEBRATED twice a day on the same altar.
10) Without a STOLE, a priest or a bishop cannot serve as priests.
11) The SACRAMENT of baptism IS PERFORMED in three immersions with the INVOCATION of the persons of the Holy Trinity.
12) MINISTRY gives meaning to life and gives us courage. It helps us to become closer to God and improve our Divine nature.
13) OBEDIENCE is one of the symbols of love, which Christians should demonstrate.
14) One of the distinctions between types of CLERGY in Orthodoxy is a division into “white” and “black” clergy.
15) ORARION - belonging to the liturgical vestments of the deacon and subdeacon - a long narrow ribbon. The deacon wears an ORARION on his left shoulder - one end descends to his chest, the other to his back.
16) The ALB symbolizes the clothes of salvation (Is.61:10) and is sewn from light-colored matter.
17) DENYING ONESELF FOR THE OTHER is a highest form of love.
18) MARRIAGE is A SACRAMENT in which, with a free promise before the priest and the Church of mutual fidelity by the bride and groom, their marital union is blessed, in the image of the spiritual union of Christ with the Church.
19) Petitions of the peaceful LITANY begin with a request for the most important spiritual blessings and end with requests for earthly prosperity.
20) REPENTANCE is regret that a sin has been committed, PENITENCE is a firm determination to leave sin, fight against it, change of life.
В.Ч. [(10,5) 12,5]
1. Priests wear WHITE VESTMENTS at FUNERALS for there is no death - death it is not the end; it is a birth into a new life.
2. In a year after her grandfather’s death the PANIKHIDA was held. After the FUNERAL SERVICE she LIGHTED A CANDLE on a MEMORIAL TABLE.
3. He was standing in the middle of the church near the OPEN COFFIN, where the DECEASED was lying. He was devastated, but felt better when the choir sang: “THERE IS NO SIGHING, SORROW, NOR PAIN, BUT LIFE EVERLASTING”.
1. Last year Father Michael was CONSECRATED A BISHOP - he has achieved the HIGHEST DEGREE OF THE PRIESTHOOD.
2. He understood that the man who came was a BISHOP for he was wearing bishop’s VESTMENTS: an OMOPHORION, a SAKKOS, a PANAGIA, a MITRE as well as the ALB, a STOLE, a GIRDLE, an EPIGONATION and CUFFS of the priest.
3. Becoming a monk you start a difficult MONASTIC LIFE which causes giving up with the world and DEVOTING your life TO GOD.
А.М. [(6) 24]
1 You need to read the holy books to find out ALL THE MYSTERIES OF THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION.
2 There is a proverb "Death is better than DISGRACE”.
3 The Moscow CLERGY includes almost one and a half thousand priests.
У.К. [(1,5) 9]
My father is a PRIEST, he looks after our PARISH.
A PRIEST’S VESTMENT includes an ALB, a STOLE, a CHASUBLE, a GIRDLE. The EPIGONATION is given to SENIOR PRIESTS.
The BISHOP wears a SAKKOS, an OMOPHORION, a PALITSA, a MITRE. A PANAGIA reminds the bishop to carry love in his heart. A MONASTIC life presupposes complete DEVOTION of life to God.
А.Я. [(9,5) 26]
1. Her father was ORDAINED a priest.
2. He belonged to the HIGHEST DEGREE OF THE PRIESTHOOD.
3. As Christ “THE GOOD SHEPHERD”, a BISHOP looks after his flock.
1. Being a PRIEST, he is able to CELEBRATE THE LITURGY.
2. The man was wearing an ALB, a STOLE, a CHASUBLE, a GIRDLE and the EPIGONATION - he was a PREIST.
3. Then he was ORDAINED A PRIEST by the local BISHOP.
А.М. [(3,5) 18]
1. The STOLE is an accessory of the liturgical vestments of an Orthodox priest and bishop.
2. The TUNIC is different for a deacon, a priest and a bishop.
3. CUFFS are a part of the liturgical vestments of the CLERGY, designed to tighten the sleeves of priests, bishops and deacons.
1. ANOINTING WITH OIL is one of the seven sacraments, which consists in anointing the body with consecrated oil.
2. HEALING and RECONCILIATION are expressed through anointing with oil and laying on of hands.
3. PRIEST'S HAND CROSS is a cross worn by a priest over a cassock or phelonion.
А.В. [(3) 9]
There are different DEGREES Of PRIESTHOOD in the church.
The colour of the VESTMENTS that the PRIESTHOOD has now is lenten.
A deacon is a GO-BETWEEN or a mediator between the body of the church and the SANCTUARY.
А.Я. [(2) 16,5]
1. When she was very ill, a priest came to the hospital and ANOINTED her WITH OIL.
2. He came to the church when the SACRAMENT OF HEALING - THE ANOINTING WITH OIL was held. However, there were too many people there, so he didn’t see CANDLES, COTTON BUDS.
3. They were very surprised when they were told oil had always been a symbol of HEALING and RECONCILIATION.
А.М. [(2) 14,5]
1. ENGAGEMENT is an important step in the life of a man and a woman.
2. Rings ARE FETCHED from the altar.
3. SOLEA is the elevation of the floor in front of the altar barrier or iconostasis.
А.В. [(1) 6]
Recently there was an ENGAGEMENT in the church of Saint Nicholas. I think MAN AND WIFE to be were very happy. A BETROTHAL is a very important event. The BLESSING of a MARRIAGE is only the beginning of the SACRAMENT, which the couple continue to develop throughout their entire life together.
I have seen a WEDDING in the church in my hometown.
А.Я. [(4) 14,5]
1) Did you know that you can read about Christmas only in MATTHEW and LUKE?
2) I was surprised when he said he didn't know that THE CHRISM is prepared by the heads of AUTOCEPHALOUS ORTHODOX CHURCHES.
3) To become a MEMBER of a Church you must be BAPTISED.
1) Before the SACRAMENT OF CONFESSION the priest reads the PRAYERS OF PREPARATION, and after a PENITENT has confessed - THE PRAYERS OF ABSOLUTION.
2) I feel kind of free after the REPENTANCE, I believe my heart is being led to HEALING.
3) Do you feel that you are forgiven when you KNEELS, when THE STOLE is over your head, and you hear priest praying?
1) They believed that through THE SACRAMENT OF MARRIAGE they will BECOME ONE FLESH as it was written in EPHESIANS.
2) She was very nervous during the BETROTHAL, but then reassured a littles bit.
3) The CROWNS were very heavy, so some men were holding them while the couple were led to a place in front of the SOLEA.
А.М. [(7) 12,5]
Having CONFESSED, I ASK THE PRIEST FOR A BLESSING.
The STOLE is put on a PENITENT’s head during the prayers of ABSOLUTION.
THE PARISHIONERS of our church are kind and supportive.
А.Я. [(3) 10,5]
1 Our friends are parishioners of the Church of the Great Martyr Theodore Stratelates in the metochion of the Patriarchate of ANTIOCH.
2 Jesus Christ is the PROTAGONIST of the Bible.
3 In the first year we learned the prayer to THEOTOKOS in English by heart.
У.К. [(1,5) 7,5]
1. Saint John Chrysostom is a FLUENT AND ELOQUENT PREACHER. He is a man of strict and AUSTERE life.
2. The SERMONS of Saint John could last for an hour or more.
2. Have you read the FIRST TIMOTHY?
А.Я. [(2,5) 7,5]
1 In addition to philologists, historians and sociologists, there are also THEOLOGIANS at my university.
2 Jesus Christ is CONSUBSTANTIAL with the Father.
3 The CANON is a generally binding rule of conduct adopted in the Church.
У.К. [(1,5) 6]
1. Receiving HOLY COMMUNION, he was CROSSING his ARMS OVER his CHEST.
2. You should CROSS YOURSELF entering the Orthodox church.
3. Between the prefacia and anamnesis the choir sings THE CHERUBIC SONG.
4. You should prepare yourself to take THE HOLY GIFTS.
А.М. [(1,5) 5,5]
1 Jesus, who was crucified on the cross, gave his life for REDEMPTION of the sins of all mankind.
2 SALVATION of the soul is the essence of Christianity.
3 People crucified Christ, because they doubted his DIVINITY.
У.К. [(1,5) 4,5]
After the priest has GIVEN COMMUNION, the mouth of the COMMUNICANT IS WIPED with a CLOTH.
The SERVICE begins with a LITANY.
CORINTHIANS 1 is written by Holy Apostle Paul.
А.Я. [(1,5) 5]
1. MATTHEW is one of the four Evangelists.
2. The Epistle TO THE ROMANS is read during divine services.
3. THE CHALICE is used during communion.
4. In THE UPPER ROOM, Christ celebrated his first communion before his arrest.
1. The first Epistle to the CORINTHIANS is a book of the New Testament addressed by Paul to the Christian community of the Greek city of Corinth.
2. Prosphoras are given to parishioners at the end of the service.
3. THE AЁR is the larger of the three veils for covering the Holy Gifts, prepared for consecration on the discos and chalice and first covered separately with small veils.
4. THE GREAT ENTRANCE symbolizes the triumphal entry of Christ into Jerusalem for suffering and death on the cross.
1. The Epistle to THE PHILIPPIANS was written by Paul when the apostle was in prison, most likely it was a prison sentence in Rome.
2. ANTIDORON is a shrine sacred object because it participated in one of the main rites of the Orthodox Church – the preparation of the Lamb for the Body of Christ.
3. CHERUBIC hymn is a chant that is sung at the liturgy and which serves as the preparation of the faithful for the great entrance.
А.В. [(5) 5]
1. On Leonardo da Vinci’s painting the last Supper is depicted. There CHRIST, surrounded by his DISCIPLES, is sitting with them in the UPPER ROOM.
2. A priest had a CHALICE in his hands. It was covered with a small VEIL.
3. THE ACTS is the book of the New Testament, which tells about the events that happened after the Ascension of Christ.
1. PROSKOMIDIA is a Greek word that can be translated as “the act of offering” or “bringing toward”. During PROSKOMIDIA the bread and wine are prepared for the Divine LITURGY.
2. There are different types of LOAVES called PROSPHORAS.
3. The GREAT ENTRANCE symbolizes the entry of Christ into Jerusalem. During it the CHERUBIC HYMN is sung.
А.М. [(4) 4]
1) THE GOSPEL READING is an essential part of Christian life.
2) The new idea that was presented during the last COUNCIL wasn’t approved.
3) After this accident youngsters achieved a COMMON MIND.
1) Old Slavic PAGANISM is a system of ideas about the world and man, based on mythology and magic, and beliefs and cults and rituals associated with these ideas.
2) Students established official GATHERING that could help to show interests of youth.
3) People who don’t know Christian doctrines well can easily DEVIATE INTO ERROR AND HERESY.
В.Ч. [(2,5) 2,5]
1 Before the adoption of Orthodoxy in 988, PAGANISM was the religion in ancient Russia.
2 PAGAN RITES were held, people glorified wooden idols, which they called their gods and even offered sacrifices.
3 THE TRINITY is the most famous work of St. Andrew Rublev.
У.К. [(1,5) 3]
1) The New Testament is written by four Evangels: Saint Matthew; Saint Mark; Saint Luke and Saint John.
2) We should REMEMBER BOTH THE LIVING AND THE DEPARTED in our PRAYERS.
3) The deacon is CENSING.
4) People in our church buy candles at the CANDLE DESK.
1) Our CONGREGATION is united in Faith.
2) Very seldom I help to BAKE BREAD for the service.
3) Communion WAS ESTABLISHED BY Christ in the UPPER ROOM.
4) 1 CORINTHIANS is written by Saint Paul.
А.Я. [(3,5) 3,5]
1. Under Khrushchev, there were PERSECUTIONS on religion and on the Church.
2. Religious TOLERATION is something that is really still very lacking in the modern developed world.
3. HOMILY at the end of the liturgy gives a person a reason to reflect on a particular topic raised by the priest.
У.К. [(1,5) 1,5]
2nd year of study: Autumn 2021
1 When we were in St. Petersburg, we attended a prayer service in the CHAPEL of St. Blessed Xenia of St. Petersburg.
2 At Christmas, the LITURGY WAS CELEBRATED at night in our church.
3 On Christmas night, my confessor CELEBRATED THE SERVICE.
4 The words «CHRIST IS RISEN» should be answered with «He is risen indeed».
5 The Liturgy is the most significant CHRISTIAN WORSHIP.
6 THE TRADITIONAL ALLIANCE BETWEEN CHURCH AND STATE helps to avoid serious conflicts.
7 The famous artist Vasnetsov stunningly depicted CHRIST'S CRUCIFIXION in one of his paintings.
8 THE DAY OF PENTECOST has another name: Holy Trinity Day.
9 THE DESCENT OF THE HOLY SPIRIT ON THE APOSTLES took place on the fiftieth day after THE Resurrection of Jesus Christ.
10 CHRISTIAN COMMUNITY can be called a family where all people are united by the desire for God.
11 Unfortunately, THE PERSECUTION of Christians still occurs to this day: for example, two years ago, a terrible terrorist attack occurred in Sri Lanka on the very day of Easter.
12 The story of the STONING of St. Stephen inspired Rembrandt to paint the picture.
13 Before the baptism of Russia in 988, people were pagans.
14 Observance of rules and principles in the church is a manifestation of respect for the TRADITIONS OF THE CHURCH.
15 THE PRIMITIVE CHURCH is the early Christian church.
16 At the EUCHARIST, people receive the body and blood of Christ in the form of bread and wine.
17 The church has a HIERARCHICAL structure consisting of three degrees of priesthood: deacon, priest and bishop.
18 The common meal, unlike the Liturgy, has no SACRAMENTAL meaning.
19 Ordinary laypeople have no right to CELEBRATE THE EUCHARIST.
20 Before original sin, Adam and Eve possessed IMMORTALITY.
21 The phrase LOCAL BODY implies the bodies of the city and district administration.
22 A LOCAL COMMUNITY in church is a group of people who regularly attend the services of the same church and participate in its life.
23 The most famous image of THE SUPPER OF THE LORD is probably a painting by Leonardo da Vinci.
24 The Eucharistic Assembly is THE CHURCH IN ITS FULLNESS.
25 In many homes of believers, you can notice an icon corner, this is an ORTHODOX TRADITION.
26 People should strive to live a SACRAMENTAL LIFE.
27 PONTIFICAL LITURGY is served by a bishop.
28 FLOCK in our temple reaches almost a thousand people.
29 MARTYR BISHOP, SAINT CYPRIAN OF CARTHAGE formulated the doctrine of the unity of the church.
30 My friend's grandfather is a bishop and is a member of the EPISCOPATE of the Russian Orthodox Church.
31 In 988, Christianity was ESTABLISHED in Russia by the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir.
32 At the beginning of the twentieth century, the royal family SUFFERED PERSECUTION, and then was shot.
33 Usually, before delivering a HOMILY, the priest prepares and has a certain plan for his speech.
34 THE ASCETIC LIFE is very difficult for an ordinary unprepared person with weak faith.
35 There are many stories about saints who have chosen an ascetic life, ABANDONING EVERYTHING that is connected with the usual life.
36 Beggars can often be found near temples asking for money or bread FOR GOD'S SAKE.
37 FASTING is a well-known thing for Christians on Wednesdays and Fridays, and not only.
38 A priest after confession has the right to impose a PENANCE on a person for some serious transgression.
39 Even a murderer after sincere REPENTANCE becomes worthy of eternal life in paradise.
40 In the holy scriptures, you can find stories about people who UNDERWENT MARTYRDOM OF BLOOD.
41 In Moscow, on Malaya Gruzinskaya Street, you can visit the CATHOLIC Roman Catholic Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
42 There are several CATHOLIC cathedrals in Moscow that are open for visiting.
43 Students of the Theological and Historical faculties of our university study in the CONCILIAR Chamber building.
44 After saying certain prayers and confessing sins, a person has the right to participate in the SACRAMENTAL COMMUNION.
45 For the church, the UNANIMITY and like-mindedness of people is important.
46 Not only a true Christian, but also a well-mannered and intelligent person should not lose COMMON sense.
47 Pagan CONVERTS people became the first Christians in Russia.
48 There are several altars in the temple I have been going to since childhood.
49 The book of GENESIS tells about the very first events, for example, about the creation of the world by God.
50 After reading the book of EXODUS, you can learn about the departure of the Jewish people from Egypt.
51 The book of LEVITICUS requires diligence to read it.
52 The book of NUMBERS consists literally of a census of the people and priests.
53 The book of DEUTERONOMY has an edifying purpose, containing the accusatory and admonitory speeches of Moses.
54 The book of JOSHUA tells about the division of the Land of Israel.
55 The book of JUDGES was written by the Prophet Samuel.
56 The book of RUTH is a book about the biblical righteous woman.
57 The 1 book of SAMUEL is one of the four sacred books of Kings.
58 The 2 book of SAMUEL describes the reign of King David of Israel.
59 The remarkable wisdom of King Solomon is glorified in the 1 book of KINGS.
60 The 2 book of KINGS ends with the deportation of the people of Israel and Judea.
61 The author of The 1 book of CHRONICLES is considered to be the Jewish priest Ezra.
62 The 2 book of CHRONICLES the prophets describe the deeds of kings.
63 The book of EZRA was written in the second century BC.
64 The book of NEHEMIAH tells about the nobleman and governor Nehemiah.
65 The feat of the woman who saved the Jewish people from death is described in the book of ESTHER.
66 The book of JOB is part of the books of the Old Testament.
67 Every day my father devotes two hours to reading the PSALTER.
68 It is believed that the book of PROVERBS includes three thousand parables.
69 The book of ECCLESIASTES can be called a parable about the search for truth and about doubts.
70 The book of SONG OF SOLOMON is interpreted as an allegorical picture of God's love for Israel.
71 The book of ISAIAH is replete with predictions about the Messiah.
72 The book of JEREMIAH was written by one of the four prophets of the Old Testament.
73 The book of LAMENTATIONS consists of 5 songs in which the prophet Jeremiah mourns the destruction of Jerusalem.
74 The author of the book of EZEKIEL was a priest.
75 The book of DANIEL tells about the fate of Judea.
76 In the book of HOSEA, the main theme is the covenant between God and Israel.
77 The book of JOEL is an anticipation of the Lord's salvation of people.
78 The book of AMOS was written by the Old Testament prophet Amos.
79 The book of OBADIAH tells about the sin of pride and a sense of superiority over others.
80 The book of JONAH says that a person cannot run away from God, because God has a certain plan for each person.
81 The book of MICAH is divided into three parts, according to the number of messages.
82 In the first chapter of the book of NAHUM, this chapter glorifies the Lord's mercy to people.
83 In the book of HABAKKUK it is mentioned that idolatry is a grave sin.
84 The book of ZEPHANIAH is a book about the trial of the Israeli people and the whole world.
85 The book of HAGGAI belongs to the books of the Minor Prophets.
86 On one of Michelangelo's frescoes in the Sistine Chapel there is an image of the prophet Zechariah - the author of The book of ZECHARIAH.
87 The book of MALACHI is something like a protest against negligence in the matter of worship.
88 There are seven SACRAMENTS in Orthodoxy.
89 The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour is decorated with five golden, almost red DOMES.
90 Only males are allowed to enter THE ALTAR.
91 The NARTHEX is located opposite the altar, on the western side of the temple.
92 At the CANDLE DESK, in addition to candles, you can also buy books sold in the temple.
93 Holy venerable Andrey Rublev is a famous Russian ICONOGRAPHER.
94 The INCENSE used in the temple is made of wood resin and aromatic oils.
95 The LAMB is a symbol of the Saviour of the Lord Jesus Christ.
96 According to the church typikon, the deceased are COMMEMORATED every Saturday.
97 During the sacrament of the priesthood, a person is ORDAINED a deacon, presbyter or bishop.
98 It is believed that THE NON-ORTHODOX will not be saved, that is, they will not get into the Kingdom of God.
99 THE CONGREGATION is a religious community.
100 THE BREAKING OF THE LAMB is part of the Eucharist.
У.К. [(47) 65]
The PERSECUTION of Christians continues in some countries to this day.
I like to listen to my confessor's HOMILIES.
You have to be a strong-minded person in order to lead the ASCETIC LIFE.
While traveling in the Czech Republic, I visited the CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL located in Prague.
STONING used to be a form of execution.
The EUCHARIST is the most significant, part of the divine LITURGY.
A CHAPEL is located between the dormitory and the university building.
RELIGIOUS DISPUTES can often be observed in the companies of people where some are believers and others are God-deniers.
Our university has a faculty, after graduating from which you will be a THEOLOGIAN.
Those traveling in Italy may be lucky enough to see the POPE.
The words “VOICES CRYING IN THE WILDERNESS” can be understood as some unheard requests or appeals that remain unanswered.
My dad visited one of the ORTHODOX CHURCHES IN AMERICA -the Holy Trinity Church in Chicago.
MONOPHYSITES recognize the Nicene Ecumenical Council.
At the moment, there are already more than two hundred DIOCESES in Russia.
The church I have been going to since childhood has a huge PARISH, which even includes people from countries such as France and Germany.
MANY DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES have their own rules to which parishioners are accustomed, and sometimes they are very unfriendly to those who violate these rules.
SAINTS CYRIL AND METHODIUS, THE APOSTLES OF THE SLAVS, are known to many as the creators of the Slavic alphabet.
One must be a deeply religious and well-communicating person TO UNDERTAKE MISSIONARY WORK.
SELF-GOVERNING OR "AUTOCEPHALOUS" Churches mean independent local churches.
У.К. [(10) 18]
The Orthodox Church contains seven SACRAMENTS.
CAIN killed his brother ABEL, it was the first murder of the Old Testament.
Five ALTAR LOAVES used in the Service of preparation.
В.Ц. [(2) 26,1]
The CHAPEL, like the church, is intended for worship.
The Eucharist is the main part of CHRISTIAN WORSHIP.
The CRUCIFIXION OF CHRIST was performed on Mount Golgotha.
У.К. [(1,5) 8]
1. "MEMORIAL BOOK" is a special book in which the names of the living and the dead are written to be prayed for during the service for commemoration.
2. The ANTIMINS it is a necessary accessory for the celebration of the liturgy.
3. While preaching from the AMBO the priest held a CROSS in his hands.
4. The book called BARUCH is a part of the Old Testament in Orthodoxy.
5. Have you ever confused EZRA with 1 and 2 ESDRAS? I have, as the books are named a bit differently in Russian and English.
6. “APOCRYPHA” are the biblical books received by the early Church as part of the Greek version of the Old Testament. An interesting fact, these books, for example, TOBIT, JUDITH, aren’t included in the Hebrew Bible.
1. I was very surprised when I realized that he didn’t know that MARRIAGE is one of THE SEVEN SACRAMENTS.
2. He was NON-ORTHODOX when they met. Then he decided to become Orthodox and was a bit surprised - he was told that he didn’t have to be BAPTISED for the second time.
3. He had been ORDAINED a priest just days before? after? his first child was born.
4. HOLY WEEK is the week before Easter, during which the Last Supper, the trial, the crucifixion, and burial of Jesus Christ are remembered.
6. We are BAPTISED in the name of the Father and the Son and the HOLY SPIRIT.
А.М. [(7,5) 32,5]
1. The WISDOM is a book that is part of the Old Testament in Orthodoxy and Catholicism. In the Russian Orthodox Church it belongs to non-canonical books, in Catholicism — to the second Canonical deuterocanonical, in Judaism and Protestantism — apocryphal.
2. The content of the ECCLESIASTICUS is the teaching about divine wisdom in its manifestations in the world and in man, and about the God-given wisdom of man in application to various circumstances and cases of human life.
3. The DISKOS is one of the liturgical vessels in the Orthodox Church and in the Catholic Churches of the Byzantine rite. It is a dish on the foot with the image of scenes from the New Testament, most often - the baby Jesus Christ.
1. The APOCRYPHA is a work of religious literature, mainly devoted to events and persons of Sacred and ecclesiastical history, not included in the canon by the Church. This understanding of the apocrypha in relation to the Old Testament apocrypha is used in Orthodoxy and Catholicism.
2. The VULGATE is a Latin translation of the Holy Scriptures based on the writings of Hieronymus of Stridon. Since the XVI century, the Vulgate has been the official Latin Bible of the Catholic Church.
3. The SEPTUAGINT is the first translation of the Old Testament into ancient Greek, carried out in the period of 3-2 centuries BC in Alexandria. The Old Testament in this translation played a huge role for the Christian Church. It was used by the apostles, New Testament writers, Holy Fathers. The first translation of the Old Testament into Church Slavonic by Saints Cyril and Methodius was made from it.
А.В. [(1,5) 37,25]
1) PENTATEUCH is the five books of the Bible and the considered to be the beginning of God’s progressive revelation to humanity.
2) THE SEPTUAGINT is the oldest translation of the Old Testament.
3) THE VULGATE is a Latin translation of Holy Scripture based on the writings of Jerome of Stridon.
4) The APOCRYPHA appears much later than the canonical New Testament books: from the 2nd to the 4th century - today all researchers agree with this fundamental fact, regardless of religious beliefs.
1) The PERSECUTIONS were an unexpected tragedy for all Orthodox world in the 20th century.
2) The priest delivered a HOMILY about passions and sins of humanity.
3) The ASCETIC LIFE always requires the great tolerance and fortitude.
1) CHURCH OF CONSTANTINOPLE (ECUMENICAL PATRIARCHATE) is the first in the diptych of autocephalous Orthodox Churches.
2) Since 1991 HIS HOLINESS ARCHBISHOP OF CONSTANTINOPLE THE NEW ROME AND ECUMENICAL PATRIARCH is Bartholomew I.
3) The CHURCH OF ALEXANDRIA gave the Christian world great teachers and fighters for Orthodoxy - Saints Athanasius the Great and Cyril of Alexandria.
4)The current primate of the Church of Alexandria is HIS BEATITUDE Theodoros II, POPE AND PATRIARCH OF ALEXANDRIA AND ALL AFRICA.
5) The Russian Church and the CHURCH OF ANTIOCH are connected by centuries-old spiritual bond.
6) On September 30, 2021, in the Patriarchate of Antioch in Damascus, HIS BEATITUDE PATRIARCH John X OF GREAT ANTIOCH AND THE ALL EAST met with the representative of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia under the Patriarchal Throne of Antioch, Hegumen Arseny (Sokolov).
7) The JERUSALEM CHURCH is the heart of Christianity, the mother of Christian Churches, the keeper of the sacred treasures of the Holy Land for Christianity, where Christ the Savior lived, taught and died for humanity.
8) CHURCH OF GEORGIA is one of the first Orthodox churches.
9) HIS HOLINESS AND BEATITUDE CATHOLICOS-PATRIARCH OF ALL GEORGIA, ARCHBISHOP OF MTSKHETA AND TBILISI was elected the new Catholicos-Patriarch of Georgia on 25 December 1977.
10) The SERBIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH is divided into 40 dioceses, each headed by its own metropolitan, archbishop, or bishop.
11) HIS HOLINESS ARCHBISHOP OF PEC, METROPOLITAN OF BELGRAD AND CARLOVCI, PATRIARCH OF SERBIA was elected in February 2021.
12) According to the legend, on the territory of CHURCH OF ROMANIA the Apostle Andrew of the First-Called and the disciples of the Apostle Paul preached and brought the seeds of Christianity.
13) Myron (Christa) became the first BEATITUDE PATRIARCH OF ALL ROMANIA, LOCUM TENENS OF CAESAREA IN CAPPADOCIA, METROPOLITAN OF UNGRO-WALACHIA, ARCHBISHOP OF BUCHAREST on 1st November, in 1925.
14) Holy Prince Boris - the baptist of the Bulgarian people, holy brothers Cyril and Methodius are especially honored in the CHURCH OF BULGARIA.
15) HIS HOLINESS PATRIARCH Maxim OF BULGARIA was born on October 29, 1914 in a pious family of a craftsman.
16) The Orthodox CHURCH OF CYPRUS was founded by St. Barnabas the Apostle in 46 A.D.
17) HIS BEATITUDE ARCHBISHOP OF NEW JUSTINIANA AND ALL CYPRUS Chrysostomus II was elected on 5th November 2006.
18) CHURCH OF GREECE is headed BY HIS BEATITUDE ARCHBISHOP OF ATHENS AND ALL HELLAS (GREECE).
19) The spread of Christianity of the modern CHURCH OF POLAND began in the middle of the 10th century by Prince Mieszko I.
20) On May 12, 1998 Sawa was elected the 8TH BEATITUDE METROPOLITAN OF WARSAW AND ALL POLAND at the Warsaw Cathedral of St. Mary Magdalene (I visited this Church!).
21) The foundation of the ORTHODOX CHURCH IN AMERICA was laid by the Valaam monks-missionaries who arrived on Kodiak Island in 1794 by the decision of the Holy Synod of the Russian Church to establish an Orthodox mission in Alaska.
22) HIS BEATITUDE ARCHBISHOP OF WASHINGTON, METROPOLITAN OF ALL AMERICA AND CANADA TIKHON remembers that his path to Orthodoxy was quite hard because he was born in Anglican family and then he denied God when he was young.
1) GENESIS tells about the origin of the world, the ancient history of mankind, and the descent of the Jewish people.
2) EXODUS describes the life and the beginning of Moses’s service.
3) LEVITICUS contains a lot of revelations about the character of God, His holiness and mercy.
4) NUMBERS was given a name like this because this book contains a lot of information about statistics, for instance: the membership of tribes, the total number of priests and Levites.
5) Moses was the author of DEUTERONOMY, almost no one had any doubts, either among Jews or among Christians.
6) The writer of JOSHUA was the successor of Moses as the leader of the Israelite people.
7) The book of JUDGES continues the story that was under Joshua.
8) RUTH is one of only two books in the Bible, named after a woman.
1) THE ALTAR OR SANCTUARY was always the mysterious place that I desired to visit when I was a kid.
2) SCHOLASTICISM is a medieval Christian philosophy, the main goal of which was the justification of religious dogmas.
3) An example of APOSTASY is when someone decides to become an atheist.
1) My family and I have changed PARISH only once because we’ve moved to another city.
2) "VOICES CRYING IN THE WILDERNESS" is quoted from the Book of Isaiah.
3) Monophysite church accepts in Jesus Christ only divine nature of God and denies human nature.
1) SELF-GOVERNING churches are Orthodox churches with very wide but not complete independence.
2) THE FIRST BOOK OF EZRA is a part of the Hebrew Bible and the Old Testament.
3) People who want TO UNDERTAKE MISSIONARY WORK should know the texts of Holy Bible quite well.
1) THE SONG OF SONGS is an Old Testament book and is called a biblical teaching (poetry) books.
2) ISAIAH сonsists of individual speeches of Isaiah, grouped not in a strictly chronological, but in a systematic order.
3) JEREMIAH is a book that is part of the Hebrew Bible and the Old Testament.
4) The book of LAMENTATIONS contains the account of humiliation, suffering, and despair of Jerusalem and her people following the destruction of the city.
5) EZEKIEL is the prophetic book of the Old Testament that contains visions of the prophet Ezekiel.
6) DANIEL provides detailed information about the life and work of the holy prophet.
7) Already during the life of Hosea the book HOSEA was well known not only in the Northern, but also in the Southern kingdom.
8) Unlike other prophetic books, JOEL does not contain any indication of the time of Joel's prophetic service.
9) AMOS consists of separate brief prophecies, placed without chronological order.
10) OBADIAH is the smallest book of the Old Testament biblical writing and contains the vision of Edom.
1) When people in my parish are praying all together during the Liturgy I FEEL UNITY IN THE FAITH AND COMMUNION IN THE SACRAMENTS.
2) HUMAN FAILINGS makes all humanity to suffer because our deeds and sins pull us away from God.
3) Before the ORTHODOX COMMUNION Christians should fast and pray a lot.
1) CHRIST’S CRUCIFIXION granted people a chance for salvation.
2) Before the baptism of Russia in 988, there were a lot of pagans in Ancient Russia.
3) All of the Christians know the horrific history of PERSECUTIONS in the 20th century.
1) The main part of the 1st ESDRAS tells about the construction of the Second Temple, about the stay and work of Ezra in Jerusalem.
2) The 2nd ESDRAS is also called as the Apocalypse of Ezra.
3) TOBIT is declared uncanonical by the Orthodox Church.
4) JUDITH is named after a woman who saved her city and the whole country from the Assyrian army.
5) WISDOM is strongly influenced by Greek philosophy and this leaves no doubt that the book is not a translation from the Hebrew language, like most of the books of the Old Testament, but was originally written in Greek.
6) The content of ECCLESIASTICUS is the teaching of the God’s wisdom in its manifestations in the world and man, and of the God-given human wisdom as applied to various circumstances and incidents of human life.
7) BARUCH is a message to the Jews who caught the last days of their kingdom under King Zedekiah.
8) EPISTLE OF JEREMIAH, written in Greek, doesn’t actually belong to the Hebrew Prophet.
9) Although the 1st MACCABEES is not part of the Biblical canon, it still has great authority as a historical source.
10) The 2nd MACCABEES is like the 1st one, tells about the events after the conquests of Alexander the Great and about the collapse of his great empire.
1) ORTHODOX TRADITIONS are very significant for Christians but can be misunderstood sometimes.
2) TOLERATION is a great deed of kindness that human beings can show to each other to achieve salvation.
3) People can ESTABLISH for themselves what is good or bad for them, if it doesn’t contradict to the laws of the government.
В.Ч. [(33,5) 44,5]
We have ESTABLISHED friendly relations with the new teacher.
My confessor always delivers very good and interesting HOMILIES for all ages.
Saint Alexy, a man of God, led an ASCETIC life.
У.К. [(1) 6,5]
Christ calls us TO TAKE UP OUR OWN CROSS AND FOLLOW Him, having left earthly goods behind.
At MAJOR POINTS of the Liturgy, VESPERS and other services the deacon CENSES THE CHURCH – from the HOLY TABLE to icons and THE LAITY.
In a CENSER a BURNING CHARCOAL lays and upon it are PLACED FEW GRAINS OF INCENSE – FRAGRANCE of trees or plants.
М.Ч. [(4) 35,25]
All of my groupmates RECEIVED BAPTISM when they were children.
In the SACRAMENTS the Holy Spirit TRANSFIGURES the material world, so bread and wine during the Eucharistic canon turn into the Body and Blood of Christ.
The APOCRYPHA (or DEUTEROCANONICAL books) are not canonized by the Church, but considered to be useful for Christians to read.
М.Ч. [(2) 31,25]
1) Being an Orthodox, I can PARTAKE in the mysteries.
2) My aunt who is living in Munich is NON-ORTHODOX, she is Catholic.
3) The PENTATEUCH includes the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.
А.М. [(1) 22]
1. ANTIMINS is a square cloth made of silk or linen with a particle of the relics of an Orthodox MARTYR sewn into it, lying in the altar on the throne and it is a necessary accessory for the celebration of the full liturgy.
2. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the reading of THE GOSPEL facing the people began to be introduced in a number of parishes.
3. In churches you can see THE OIL LAMPS in front of the icons or in the center of the candlesticks.
1. The SEPTUAGINT, also the Translation of the Seventy Interpreters is a collection of translations of the Old Testament into ancient Greek, made in the III—I centuries BC in Alexandria.
2. The VULGATE is a Latin translation of the Holy Scriptures based on the writings of Hieronymus of Stridon.
3. The APOCRYPHA is a work of religious literature, mainly devoted to events and persons of sacred and ecclesiastical history, not included in the canon by the Church.
А.В. [(3,5) 35,75]
My brother’s story did carry much CONVICTION.
I thank you in ANTICIPATION advance.
Finally, we achieved RECONCILIATION with each other.
А.Я. [(1) 33,5]
CHALICE is the cup from which communion is given.
In my opinion, COMMEMORATION BOOKS are very useful. They helps to pray for THE LIVING and for THE DEPARTED.
А.Я. [(2) 25,75]
1. Prayer before and after meals is one of the ORTHODOX TRADITIONS, because it is a thanksgiving to God.
2. A LOCAL COMMUNITY or parish is a religious community of the Orthodox consisting of clergy and laity united at the temple.
3. The PERSECUTION of Christians has been historically traced from the first century AD to the present day.
У.К. [(1,5) 5,5]
1. A SEVEN-BRANCHED CANDLESTICK is an item with ancient roots - we know that it was used already in the Old Testament times.
2. PROSKOMIDIA is a preparatory part of the service, during which the priest COMMEMORATES the living, the DEPARTED and THE FOUNDERS OF the CHURCH.
3. I always feel awe when the priest after the liturgy gives me a LOAF OF COMMEMORATION used in PROSKOMIDIA. I find this LOAF very special.
М.Ч. [(2) 29,25]
1. The EPISTLE OF JEREMIAH is a deuterocanonical book.
2. He always took the CROSS and THE GOSPEL BOOK with him.
3. He kneeled in front of the HOLY TABLE.
А.М. [(1,5) 21]
1. I would like to read a book about history of ORTHODOX CHURCH IN AMERICA.
2. My family has many ICONS at home.
3. I haven't read 1 CHRONICLES yet.
1. My dad is a priest and he really enjoys reading PSALMS and PROVERBS.
2. MAKE THE SIGN OF THE CROSS before you come into the church.
3. ORTHODOX CHRISTIANS should wear a small cross around the neck and should not take it off.
1. JEREMIAH and LAMENTATIONS are two different books.
2. Church incense exudes A SWEET SPIRITUAL FRAGRANCE.
3. The priest uses a CENSER at each LITURGY.
1. I would like to read HABAKKUK and HAGGAI.
2. LITANIES are performed at each liturgy.
3. Last academic year we were analyzing the OLD TESTAMENT.
1. A RELIC of a saint is kept under the holy table.
2. The Christian must read the GOSPEL over and over again.
3. There are many OIL LAMPS in the church.
В.Ц. [(9) 24,1]
1. SERVICE BOOKS are books used in the performance of divine services, including the Gospel, the Apostle and the Psalter.
2. My classmate is studying at a THEOLOGICAL COLLEGE.
3. When I was in St. Petersburg, I went into a CATHOLIC CHURCH to get out of the rain.
1. ISAIAH is a book that is part of the Bible and the Old Testament.
2. EZEKIEL is a prophetic book of the Old Testament.
3. OBADIAH deserves careful reading and study, because it contains a very significant message about the justice of the Lord manifested in the judgment over Edom.
А.В. [(3) 32,25]
1. During the divine LITURGY he was standing in front of the ICON SCREEN.
2. Being female, I am not allowed to enter the SANCTUARY.
3. After the Divine Liturgy the priest preaches from the AMBO.
1. I have never met a person who would dislike sweet FRAGRANCE of INCENSE.
2. I was quite surprised when he said he had read JEREMIAH from cover to cover.
3. The book of LAMENTATIONS collects laments for the destruction of Jerusalem in the 6th century before Christ.
А.М. [(3,5) 19,5]
THE SANCTUARY is separated from the NAVE by ICONOSTASIS.
My brother is a SERVER.
The bread and wine are the HOLY GIFTS.
А.Я. [(2) 23,75]
Christ calls us TO TAKE UP OUR OWN CROSS AND FOLLOW Him, having left earthly goods behind.
At MAJOR POINTS of the Liturgy, VESPERS and other services the deacon CENSES THE CHURCH – from the HOLY TABLE to icons and THE LAITY.
In a CENSER there lays BURNING CHARCOAL and upon it FEW GRAINS OF INCENSE are PLACED – FRAGRANCE of trees or plants.
М.Ч. [(4) 27,25]
In many Orthodox services INCENSE is used. It has sweet FRAGRANCE. Moreover, INCENSE is burnt in a CENSER.
А.Я. [(3) 11]
1. He noticed, she was wearing a SMALL CROSS ABOUT HER NECK. As she was an Orthodox, he understood that the cross was a SYMBOL of TAKING UP ONE’S CROSS AND FOLLOWING CHRIST.
2. Entering a church an Orthodox person makes THE SIGN OF THE CROSS.
3. Have you ever heard about ORTHODOX CHURCH OF JAPAN?
А.М. [(2) 6,5]
The CROSS is the sign of SALVATION.
The Paschal Troparion is “Christ is risen from the dead, TRAMPLING DOWN DEATH BY DEATH, and (up)on those in the tombs, bestowing life!”
The CROSS is a symbol of life.
А.Я. [(1) 8]
The CROSS, the main symbol of Christianity, symbolizes Christ’s death on the cross, His RESURRECTION and generally – Life itself.
Orthodox Easter troparion declares that the Christ has “TRAMPLED DOWN death by death”.
Orthodox THREE-BAR CROSS is the BYZANTINE heritage.
М.Ч. [(1,5) 14,25]
1. We do not worship ICONS themselves; we venerate SAINTS, HOLY PEOPLE as this visible image ACTS as a WINDOW ONTO ETERNITY.
2. At home in our ICON CORNER the lamps are always burning to remind of our faith to be as flaming as the fire of the lamps.
3. Orthodox church and ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH have the same past and common ground in the first millennium.
М.Ч. [(1,5) 5,5]
1. If you want to make mistakes correctly when addressing a priest, then you should call him VLADIKO.
2. The full title of the Patriarch of Moscow sounds like the HIS HOLINESS PATRIARCH OF MOSCOW AND ALL RUSSIA.
3. The Old Testament is divided into four sections, the first includes the books of GENESIS, EXODUS, LEVITICUS, NUMBERS AND DEUTERONOMY.
1. The second section is Historical books, which includes 12 books: JOSHUA, JUDGES, RUTH, 1 AND 2 SAMUEL, 1 AND 2 KINGS, 1 AND 2 CHRONICLES, EZRA, NEHEMIAH AND ESTHER.
2. In the CHURCH OF ROMANIA, the patriarch has the title
HIS BEATITUDE PATRIARCH OF ALL ROMANIA, VICAR OF CAESAREA OF CAPPADOCIA, METROPOLITAN OF UNGRO-WALLACHIA, ARCHBISHOP OF BUCHAREST.
3. The NARTHEX - a place of transition from the world into the church.
1. TRYPTICH ICONS is a very convenient thing for travelers.
2. Prayers of the saints are really FERVENT and pure as a flame of fire.
3. Orthodox people should VENERATE icons, but not WORSHIP them.
А.В. [(11,5) 19,25]
1. His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia met HIS HOLINESS, THE POPE, THE BISHOP OF ROME, SUPREME PONTIFF OF UNIVERSAL CHURCH, PATRIARCH OF THE WEST.
2. Everyone has a different MEDIUM OF PRAYER.
3. We shouldn’t be scared of death, for the soul’s main trait is immortality.
А.М. [(1) 4,5]
The ICON is a window onto ETERNITY, INVISIBLE DIMENSION, the ICON is a MEDIUM of a PRAYER.
We must treat it with REVERENCE, because SAINTS are depicted there.
By the way, a friend of mine is an ICONOGRAPHER.
А.Я. [(3,5) 8]
1. The boy made THE SIGN OF THE CROSS when he came to church.
2. When you pray you should BE FERVENT AND PURE AS A FLAME OF FIRE.
3. I am interested in visiting THE ORTHODOX CHURCH IN AMERICA.
В.Ц. [(2) 15,1]
1 HIS BEATITUDE PATRIARCH OF THE HOLY LAND AND ALL PALESTINE has decided to visit HIS HOLINESS PATRIARCH OF MOSCOW AND ALL RUSSIA.
2 An ONION DOME is typical for Russian Orthodox churches.
3 A CHURCH is believed to be THE HOUSE OF GOD.
А.М. [(2) 3,5]
The CHURCH has beautiful DOMES.
Our PARISH is quite big, the CONGREGATION is tight-knit.
BELIEVERS who gather in the CHURCH are STRENGTHENED by common PRAYERS.
А.Я. [(2,5) 4,5]
1 My dad has already read all THE BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT, I am sure.
2 There is not a big PARISH in the church where my dad serves.
3 Sometimes I am angry because OF HUMAN FAILINGS although I get that I am no better.
В.Ц. [(1,5) 3,5]
The BOOK OF GENESIS tells about the origin of the world, the Fall, the life of the first people on the Earth and the life of the Jews before Egyptian captivity.
As a result of the Great Schism of 1054 Christian world split into THE GREEK EAST and THE LATIN WEST, and Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism arose.
Christianity is not really about rite; it is generally about love; everything else follows.
М.Ч. [(1) 4]
1. My father confessor became a deacon in 1996, and a year later he was ORDAINED A PRIEST.
2. One of my beloved films is "Doubt": the delectable acting of the talented Meryl Streep-the headmistress of a CATHOLIC school, RELIGIOUS DISPUTES and scandals-all this will not let you get bored while watching.
3. I agree with the opinion of the THEOLOGIAN Vladimir Lossky that everything in the world is inextricably linked, everything is equally valuable and necessary, both material and ideal.
У.К. [(2) 4]
1. There is a sweet smell of INCENSE in the church.
2. My father became a PRIEST four years ago.
3. My dad says that I should take COMMUNION every Sunday.
В.Ч. [(1,5) 11]
Patriarch Tikhon was ORDAINED A PRIEST and became a monk in 1891. On
September 14, 1898, he was CONSECRATED A BISHOP of Aleutian Islands and Alaska.
In spite of long path after ORDINATION to THE PRIESTHOOD and in spite of
persecution, Patriarch Tikhon maintained piety throughout his entire life.
В.Ц. [(2) 2]
1 Dogma is a verity that is considered to be DOCTRINAL, ecclesiastical and divinely
revealed.
2 The BOOK OF GENESIS tells us about the origins of the world.
3 During Chrismation a person is bestowed by THE SEAL OF THE HOLY SPIRIT.
А.М. [(1,5) 1,5]
1 When my best friend read the book "The Red Pascha", he was so PROFOUNDLY
IMPRESSED by its content that read it again for the second time and dreamed about
ORDINATION TO THE MONASTICISM.
2 Arius was condemned for his APOSTATE CREED about the creation of God the Son by God
the Father.
3 BAPTISM and CHRISMATION are separate SACRAMENTS, but they are usually performed
one by one on the same day.
М.Ч. [(3) 3]
INCENSE is used in ORTHODOX CHURCHES.
The SANCTUARY is the most HOLY Part of the CHURCH.
The CHRISM is an aromatic OIL, it is used to ANOINT different parts of the body.
А.Я. [(2) 2]
Т.Т. [(6) 9,5]
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