Поэзия Вордсворта

readeralexey — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 17:23:26 GMT

Первый и "главный" поэт романтизма. Во всяком случае, для англичан (а не Байрон!).

Каковы основные темы лирики Вордсворта?

Что в "Лирических балладах" - "балладного" и что - "лирического"?

Вордстворт открыл для поэзии несколько новых тем. Например, тему безумия. Как вы думаете, чем она его привлекла? Что интересного в этой теме, как она представлена в поэзии Вордстворта?

Во многих стихотворениях Вордсворта центральный персонаж - женщина. Как вы думаете, почему? Насколько верно Вордсворт передает женское мироощущение?

Каков образ простого народа в лирике Вордстворта?

Какова жизнь простого народа в изображении Вордстворта?

Сколько временных пластов в стихотворении "Тинтернское аббатство"? Как они взаимосвязаны?

Сравните "Тинтернское аббатство" и стихотворение Пушкина "Вновь я посетил..."

Какое значение играет Природа в жизни лирического героя Вордсворта ("Тинтернское аббатство" и др.)?

Какую роль в жизни лирического героя Вордсворта играют птицы, животные, растения?

Другая открытая Вордсвортом тема для поэзии - детство. Чем интересно детство для Вордсворта?

Какое значение для лирического героя Вордсворта имеет прошлое, воспоминания? Можно ли сказать, что поэзия Вордсворта ретроспективна?

Что нового внес Вордсворт в традиции английского сонета?

Каковы темы сонетов Вордсворта?

Как вы думаете, почему Вордсворт решил вернуться к сонетной форме после большого перерыва (Милтон)?

Какие сонеты наиболее запомнились?

Что такое "места во времени" (spots of time)? Приведите примеры из поэзии Вордсворта.

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Прокомментируйте:

There are in our existence spots of time,
That with distinct pre-eminence retain
A renovating virtue, whence, depressed
By false opinion and contentious thought,
Or aught of heavier or more deadly weight,
In trivial occupations, and the round
Of ordinary intercourse, our minds
Are nourished and invisibly repaired;
A virtue, by which pleasure is enhanced,
That penetrates, enables us to mount,
When high, more high, and lifts us up when fallen.
This efficacious spirit chiefly lurks
Among those passages of life that give
Profoundest knowledge to what point, and how,
The mind is lord and master – outward sense
The obedient servant of her will. Such moments
Are scattered everywhere, taking their date
From our first childhood.
(“The Prelude” 1850, XII: 208–225)

Литературный манифест Вордсворта

readeralexey — Mon, 22 Dec 2025 23:23:51 GMT

Каким положениям Предисловия к "Лирическим балладам" можно найти подтверждения (иллюстрации) в поэзии Вордсворта?

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Прокомментируйте:

Он рассужденьем и стихом зараз
Настойчиво уверить хочет нас,
Что проза и стихи равны для слуха,
Что грубой прозы часто жаждет ухо,
Что тот постиг высокий идеал,
Кто сказочку стихами передал.

(Байрон о Вордсворте, "Английские барды и шотландские обозреватели")

Who, both by precept and example, shows
That prose is verse, and verse is merely prose;
Convincing all, by demonstration plain,
Poetic souls delight in prose insane;
And Christmas stories tortur'd into rhyme
Contain the essence of the true sublime.

(Byron on Wordsworth, English Bards and Scotch Reviewers)

How would Milton curl his lip at such slipshod newspaper style! Many of [Wordswoth's] poems, as, for example, the Rylstone Doe, might be all improvised. Nothing of Milton, nothing of Marvell, of Herbert, of Dryden, could be. These are such verses as in a just state of culture should be vers de Societe, such as every gentleman could write, but none would think of printing or of claiming the poet's laurel on their merit.
<...>
And yet Wordsworth ... is really a superior master of the English language, and his poems evince a power of diction that is no more rivalled by his contemporaries, than is his poetic insight. But the capital merit of Wordsworth is, that he has done more for the sanity of this generation than any other writer.
<...>
...Wordsworth threw himself into his place, made no reserves or stipulations; man and writer were not to be divided. He sat at the foot of Helvellyn and on the margin of Winandermere, and took their lustrous mornings and their sublime midnights for his theme, and not Marlow, nor Massinger, not Horace, nor Milton, nor Dante. He once for all forsook the styles, and standards, and modes of thinking of London and Paris, and the books read there, and the aims pursued, and wrote Helvellyn and Winandermere, and the dim spirits which these haunts harbored. There was not the least attempt to reconcile these with the spirit of fashion and selfishness, nor to show with great deference to the superior judgment of dukes and earls, that although London was the home for men of great parts, yet Westmoreland had these consolations for such as fate had condemned to the country life; but with a complete satisfaction, he pitied and rebuked their false lives, and celebrated his own with the religion of a true priest. Hence the antagonism which was immediately felt between his poetry and the spirit of the age, that here not only criticism but conscience and will were parties; the spirit of literature, and the modes of living, and the conventional theories of the conduct of life were called in question on wholly new grounds, not from Platonism, nor from Christianity, but from the lessons which the country muse taught a stout pedestrian climbing a mountain, and in following a river from its parent rill down to the sea. The Cannings and Jeffreys of the capital, the Court Journals and Literary Gazettes were not well pleased, and voted the poet a bore. But that which rose in him so high as to the lips, rose in many others as high as to the heart. What he said, they were prepared to hear and confirm. The influence was in the air, and was wafted up and down into lone and into populous places, resisting the popular taste, modifying opinions which it did not change, and soon came to be felt in poetry, in criticism, in plans of life, and at last in legislation. In this country [the USA], it very early found a strong hold, and its effect may be traced on all the poetry both of England and America.

(R.W. Emerson. Europe and European Books. 1843)

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